Taw qhia
Nroj tsuag yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm peb cov ecosystem. Lawv tsis tsuas yog muab huab cua ntshiab, zaub mov, thiab chaw nyob tab sis kuj ua tshuaj rau ntau yam mob. Tau ntau txhiab xyoo, tib neeg tau siv cov nroj tsuag los ua cov tshuaj los kho cov kab mob sib txawv. Cov tshuaj no feem ntau tau txais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm. Nroj tsuag rho tawm yog ib daim ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag bioactive compounds uas muaj ntau yam kev ua ub no. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog dab tsi cov nroj tsuag extract yog dab tsi, nws tau txais, thiab nws siv.
Plant Extract yog dab tsi?
Ib tsob nroj extract yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem uas muaj cov tshuaj bioactive ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov tebchaw no tuaj yeem yog alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenes, roj yam tseem ceeb, lossis lwm cov tshuaj uas muab cov nroj tsuag kho nws cov khoom. Cov bioactive compounds yog muab rho tawm los ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag, xws li nplooj, stems, keeb kwm, paj, bark, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, los ntawm ntau yam extraction txoj kev.
Yuav ua li cas cog Extracts tau?
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los rho cov nroj tsuag, thiab kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm bioactive compounds, hom khoom siv cog, thiab kev npaj siv cov extract. Nov yog qee txoj hauv kev uas feem ntau siv rau kev cog qoob loo.
Cov kuab tshuaj Extraction
Solvent extraction yog txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws rau cov nroj tsuag extraction. Nws koom nrog kev siv cov kuab tshuaj xws li ethanol, methanol, los yog dej kom rho tawm cov tshuaj bioactive los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov khoom siv cog yog thawj zaug hauv av rau hauv me me, thiab tom qab ntawd cov kuab tshuaj ntxiv rau nws. Cov sib tov yog ces rhuab, thiab cov kuab tshuaj dissolves lub bioactive tebchaw los ntawm cov khoom cog. Cov txiaj ntsig tau raug lim, thiab cov kuab tshuaj yog evaporated kom tau txais cov nroj tsuag extract.
Supercritical kua Extraction
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev rho tawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws suav nrog kev siv cov kua dej supercritical zoo li cov pa roj carbon dioxide los rho tawm cov tshuaj bioactive. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, cov khoom siv cog yog muab tso rau hauv lub siab-siab chamber, thiab ces cov kua supercritical yog dhau los ntawm nws. Cov kua dej supercritical dissolves cov bioactive compounds, thiab cov txiaj ntsig daws tau raug sau tseg. Txoj kev no yog qhov zoo dua rau kev rho tawm cov hluav taws kub-rhiab lossis thermolabile tebchaw.
Chav Distillation
Chav distillation yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau rho tawm cov nroj tsuag sib txuas, feem ntau yog siv kom tau cov roj tseem ceeb los ntawm cov khoom cog. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, chav yog dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv cog, uas ua rau cov roj tseem ceeb vaporize nrog rau chav. Tom qab ntawd lub resulting sib tov ntawm chav thiab qhov tseem ceeb roj yog condensed, thiab cov roj tseem ceeb yog sau.
Kev siv cov nroj tsuag Extracts
Cog Extracts muaj ntau yam kev siv nyob ntawm seb cov bioactive compounds lawv muaj. Nov yog qee qhov kev siv cov nroj tsuag extracts:
Kev Siv Tshuaj
Cog Extracts yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj ib txwm siv los kho ntau yam mob. Piv txwv li, St. John's wort extract yog siv los kho kev nyuaj siab, ginkgo biloba extract yog siv rau kev nco txhim kho, thiab aloe vera extract yog siv rau nws cov khoom tiv thaiv.
Kev siv tshuaj pleev ib ce
Cog Extracts kuj siv rau hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce. Lawv tau ntxiv rau cov khoom tu tawv nqaij kom muab ntau yam txiaj ntsig zoo li moisturization, tiv thaiv kev laus, thiab tawv nqaij brightening. Piv txwv li, ntsuab tshuaj yej extract yog siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom tu tawv nqaij rau nws cov antioxidant zog.
Kev siv zaub mov thiab dej haus
Cog extracts kuj siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov thiab dej haus kev lag luam. Lawv tau ntxiv rau cov khoom noj khoom haus los txhim kho lawv cov tsw lossis ua cov xim ntuj. Piv txwv li, vanilla extract yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev hauv ntau yam khoom noj, thiab beetroot extract yog siv los ua cov xim ntuj.
Xaus
Cog Extracts muaj ntau yam kev ua ub no uas ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig rau ntau yam kev siv. Lawv tau txais los ntawm kev rho tawm cov tshuaj bioactive los ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag los ntawm ntau txoj kev rho tawm. Kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev yog nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm bioactive compounds, hom ntawm cov khoom siv cog, thiab kev npaj siv cov extract. Nroj tsuag extracts muaj ntau yam kev siv, los ntawm tshuaj kho kom zoo nkauj rau zaub mov thiab dej haus daim ntaub ntawv.
